About this booklet
This booklet was made with the help of AI for children learning England's National Curriculum maths in English, to use at home alongside the Year 2 Shape unit.
It follows the order of small steps 1–3 and 8–10 of the White Rose Maths Year 2 Shape unit (Autumn Block 3): 2-D shapes with sides and vertices, and 3-D shapes with faces, edges and vertices.
Why words first?
Shape lessons are full of new words: side, vertex, face, edge, pentagon, cuboid, cylinder. A child who knows the words can follow the lesson. So we make and touch the shapes first, then give the names.
Two mistakes are very common. A child turns a square and says it is not a square any more. And a child calls a dice “a square” or a ball “a circle”. The fixes: Turn it around. Same shape, same name! And give the 3-D name first: “It’s a cube. Its faces are squares.”
Plan · about 15–20 minutes a day
Watching our videos too? After video 1 (2D Shapes), do Part 1. After video 2 (3D Shapes), do Part 2.
| Order | Pages | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Part 1 | 2-D shapes: sides and vertices | 2-D shapes — Straight or curved? Sides and vertices. Triangle, square, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon. Turn it around: same shape, same name. |
| Part 2 | 3-D shapes: faces, edges and vertices | 3-D shapes — Flat faces and curved surfaces. Cuboid, cube, sphere, cylinder, cone, pyramid. Edges and vertices. |
- Part 1Pages2-D shapes: sides and verticesTopic2-D shapes — Straight or curved? Sides and vertices. Triangle, square, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon. Turn it around: same shape, same name.
- Part 2Pages3-D shapes: faces, edges and verticesTopic3-D shapes — Flat faces and curved surfaces. Cuboid, cube, sphere, cylinder, cone, pyramid. Edges and vertices.
Good questions to ask
- “Straight or curved?”
- “How many sides? How many vertices?”
- “I turned it. Is it still a square?”
- “Is it flat, or is it a 3-D shape?”
- “How many flat faces in all?”
- “Can it roll? Can it stack?”
- “What shape is this? How do you know?”
Answers are at the end of the workbook. Please note: this is home practice, not official school or White Rose material. If something is taught differently in class, please follow the teacher's method.
How to help at home
- Make straw shapes.
Join straws with play dough. Ask: “How many sides? How many vertices?”
- Go shape spotting.
Find flat shapes on stickers and in books. Name each one and say why.
- Stack or roll?
Push a box, a tin and a ball. Which ones roll? Which ones stack?
- Find the hidden faces.
Put stickers on the faces of a box you can see. Then turn it over.
- Make a mistake on purpose.
Turn a square and say “Not a square!”, or call a dice “a square”. Let your child catch it.
- Stop while it's fun.
Short and happy is better than long. One Part a day is enough.
Different words in different books
- Faces. In this booklet, only flat surfaces are faces. A cylinder has two flat faces and a curved surface. Some books count the curved surface as a face too. If your school’s worksheet counts the curved surface as a face, follow the school.
- Edges of curved shapes. Books give different numbers of edges for a cylinder or a sphere, so this booklet does not count them.
- Rectangles. Some schools and American books say oblong for a rectangle that is not a square. This booklet says rectangle for both: a square is a special rectangle.
- Pyramids. A pyramid can have a square at the bottom (square-based) or a triangle at the bottom (triangle-based).
한국어로 짚어 둘 것
corner는 모서리가 아니에요. 생활 한국어로 "책상 모서리"는 영어 corner지만, 수학에서 모서리는 edge(입체도형에서 두 면이 만나는 선)이고 corner는 꼭짓점(vertex)이에요. 아이가 "corner"라고 하면 "In maths, a corner is a vertex."로 이어 주세요. 한국어로 설명할 때도 corner는 "꼭짓점"이나 "뾰족한 데"라고 하면 헷갈리지 않아요.
한국 교과와는 배우는 때가 달라요(2022 개정 기준). 한국은 1학년에 상자·통·공 같은 여러 가지 모양을 일상 말로 보고, 삼각형·사각형·원 모양을 봐요. 2학년 1학기에 삼각형·사각형·원과 변·꼭짓점을 배워요. 오각형·육각형은 3–4학년군 다각형 단원에서, 직사각형·정사각형도 3–4학년군에서 배워요. 직육면체·정육면체·원기둥·원뿔·구와 면·모서리 같은 입체도형 말은 5–6학년군이에요. 영국 Year 2는 이 낱말을 한꺼번에 만나니, 한국어 이름을 몰라도 괜찮아요. 영어 낱말하고 모양을 잇는 것이 먼저예요.
학교마다 다른 말. 이 자료에서는 평평한 면만 face라고 해요. 곡면까지 face로 세는 교재도 있어요. 학교 학습지가 다르면 학교 학습지를 따르세요. 원기둥·구처럼 굽은 면이 있는 도형의 모서리 수도 교재마다 답이 달라서 이 자료는 세지 않아요. 정사각형이 아닌 직사각형을 oblong이라고 부르는 학교·미국 교재도 있어요. 이 자료는 둘 다 rectangle이라고 하고 "A square is a special rectangle."이라고 가르쳐요. 돌려 놓은 정사각형을 아이가 diamond라고 해도 틀린 말은 아니에요. "그래서 정사각형이 아니다"가 틀린 거예요.
집에서 5분 놀이. 빨대를 몇 개 짧게 잘라 길이를 섞고, 점토로 이어 도형을 만들어요. 부모가 "Five!" 하고 수를 부르면 아이가 그만큼의 빨대로 도형을 만들고 "Five sides, five vertices. A pentagon!"이라고 말해요. 부엌에서는 상자·통·공을 밀어 보고 "Can it roll? Can it stack?"을 물어요. 끝은 늘 영어 문장으로 맺어 주세요.