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Teaching Guide — 2-D and 3-D Shape Names

This guide explains each lesson in easy English. It gives you the ideas, the words, the questions and the games. Read a topic the night before. Then teach it to Lia in your own way.

Lia knows circles, triangles, squares and rectangles. The new part is the maths words: side and vertex for flat shapes, and face, edge and vertex for solid shapes. Words first — the class does the rest.

Made with the help of AI. It follows the order of the White Rose Maths Year 2 small steps (Autumn Block 3, steps 1–3 and 8–10). It is home practice, not official school or White Rose material. If the school teaches something in a different way, follow the school.

Goes with “Lia's Maths Book”. →

What is in this guide

How to use this guide

Every topic has the same parts. Here is what they mean.

Part	What it is for
The big idea	The one thing Lia must understand. Read this first.
Get ready	Things to put on the table before you start: straws, play dough, a box, a tin.
Teach it, step by step	A small lesson in 3–5 steps. You lines are things you can say. Child lines are answers your child might give. Do lines tell you what to do with your hands.
Other ways to say it	The same question in different English. Children hear all of them at school.
Worksheet English	Instructions that are often printed on maths worksheets. Read them together.
Good questions to ask	Questions that make Lia think and explain.
If Lia is stuck	Common mistakes and what to say.
Game	A short game with things you have at home.

The big ideaWhat it is forThe one thing Lia must understand. Read this first.
Get readyWhat it is forThings to put on the table before you start: straws, play dough, a box, a tin.
Teach it, step by stepWhat it is forA small lesson in 3–5 steps. You lines are things you can say. Child lines are answers your child might give. Do lines tell you what to do with your hands.
Other ways to say itWhat it is forThe same question in different English. Children hear all of them at school.
Worksheet EnglishWhat it is forInstructions that are often printed on maths worksheets. Read them together.
Good questions to askWhat it is forQuestions that make Lia think and explain.
If Lia is stuckWhat it is forCommon mistakes and what to say.
GameWhat it is forA short game with things you have at home.

A good maths time at home (15–20 minutes)

Time	What to do
2 minutes	Warm up. Name three shapes you can see. Straight or curved?
5 minutes	Teach the big idea with real things: straws, play dough, boxes, tins. Use the “Teach it” steps.
8–10 minutes	Workbook. One Part is enough. Sit next to Lia. Ask her to explain each answer.
2 minutes	Talk. “What did you learn today? What was tricky?”

2 minutesWhat to doWarm up. Name three shapes you can see. Straight or curved?
5 minutesWhat to doTeach the big idea with real things: straws, play dough, boxes, tins. Use the “Teach it” steps.
8–10 minutesWhat to doWorkbook. One Part is enough. Sit next to Lia. Ask her to explain each answer.
2 minutesWhat to doTalk. “What did you learn today? What was tricky?”

About languages

If Lia does not understand an English word, you can explain it quickly in Korean. Then say the English word again, and ask her to say it too. Always finish in English. Be careful with one word: in Korean, 모서리 is the maths word for edge, not corner. A corner is a vertex (꼭짓점).

Teaching Guide · 2-D and 3-D Shape Names · liabooks.com/study

Background A

How maths is taught in Year 2영국 Year 2 수학 수업 방식

What happens in a Year 2 maths lesson, so you can teach in the same way at home.

Small steps

Many schools in England use a plan called White Rose Maths. Each unit is cut into many small steps. The Addition and Subtraction unit has 21 small steps. This guide covers the first six. Each step is one small idea, and each new step uses the step before it. That is why the early steps, like bonds to 10, are so important.

Objects → pictures → numbers

Teachers call this concrete → pictorial → abstract. It means:

Stage	What it means	Example: 7 + 3
Concrete	Real things you can touch and move.	7 red Lego bricks and 3 blue Lego bricks. Count them all: 10.
Pictorial	A drawing of the things.	A ten frame with 7 dots and 3 dots.
Abstract	Only numbers and signs.	7 + 3 = 10

ConcreteWhat it meansReal things you can touch and move.Example: 7 + 37 red Lego bricks and 3 blue Lego bricks. Count them all: 10.
PictorialWhat it meansA drawing of the things.Example: 7 + 3A ten frame with 7 dots and 3 dots.
AbstractWhat it meansOnly numbers and signs.Example: 7 + 37 + 3 = 10

Children do not always move in one direction. A child who is stuck on numbers goes back to pictures or objects. This is normal and good.

Three kinds of question

Kind	What it asks	Example
Fluency	Can you do it quickly and correctly?	“What is 6 + 4?”
Reasoning	Can you explain why? Is it true or false?	“Bo says 20 + 50 = 700. Is he right? How do you know?”
Problem solving	Can you use it in a new or tricky situation?	“Find two numbers that make 10. Now find all of them.”

FluencyWhat it asksCan you do it quickly and correctly?Example“What is 6 + 4?”
ReasoningWhat it asksCan you explain why? Is it true or false?Example“Bo says 20 + 50 = 700. Is he right? How do you know?”
Problem solvingWhat it asksCan you use it in a new or tricky situation?Example“Find two numbers that make 10. Now find all of them.”

Many children in Korea are very strong at fluency. The school will also ask Lia to reason and explain in English. This is where you can help the most.

Full sentences

Teachers give children sentence stems. A sentence stem is the start of a sentence with gaps. Children fill the gaps and say the whole sentence. For example:

“The whole is ___. The parts are ___ and ___.”
“I know ___, so I know ___.”
“___ and ___ make 10.”

At home, when Lia gives a one-word answer, you can say: “Can you say it in a full sentence?” Then help her with a stem from this guide.

Words the school uses

The school says	Not	Why it matters
maths	math	British English, as used in schools in England.
ones and tens	units	White Rose says “ones”. Older books say “units”.
number sentence	equation (in Year 2)	“4 + 6 = 10” is a number sentence.
subtract, minus, take away	—	subtract and minus are names for −. take away is for when some go. Children hear all three.
equals, is equal to, is the same as	—	The = sign means both sides have the same value.

mathsNotmathWhy it mattersBritish English, as used in schools in England.
ones and tensNotunitsWhy it mattersWhite Rose says “ones”. Older books say “units”.
number sentenceNotequation (in Year 2)Why it matters“4 + 6 = 10” is a number sentence.
subtract, minus, take awayNot—Why it matterssubtract and minus are names for −. take away is for when some go. Children hear all three.
equals, is equal to, is the same asNot—Why it mattersThe = sign means both sides have the same value.

Teaching Guide · 2-D and 3-D Shape Names · liabooks.com/study

Part 1 · Step 1 · Workbook page 2

2-D shapes: sides and vertices평면도형의 이름: 변과 꼭짓점

Straight or curved? Count the sides, then name the shape. Turn it around. Same shape, same name!

한국어 요약

빨대(변)와 점토 공(꼭짓점)으로 삼각형·정사각형·직사각형·오각형·육각형을 만들고, 만든 뒤에 side와 vertex라는 이름을 붙이는 순서를 영어로 가르쳐요. 돌려 놓은 정사각형도 정사각형이라는 것, 정사각형은 특별한 직사각형이라는 것, 비뚤어진 오각형·길쭉한 육각형도 같은 이름이라는 것을 대본과 놀이로 담았어요.

The big idea핵심

A 2-D shape is flat. Its outline is made of straight lines, curved lines, or both. A circle is curved all the way round. Its outline has no straight parts.

Each straight line of a shape is a side. A point where two sides meet is a vertex. One vertex, three vertices. Lia may say “corner”. In maths, a corner is a vertex.

Make it first, then give the name. After Lia joins three straws, say: “Each straw is a side.” After she counts five sides, say: “Five sides make a pentagon.”

The name comes from the sides and vertices, not from the way the shape sits. A turned square is still a square. A long, thin hexagon is still a hexagon. Turn it around. Same shape, same name!

A square is a special rectangle. Both have 4 sides and 4 square corners. In a square, all the sides are the same length.

Get ready준비물

Drinking straws: some long, some cut shorter
Play dough (small balls for the vertices)
A piece of string
A tray or a plate you can turn
Paper and a pencil

Teach it, step by step단계별 수업

YOU 부모가 할 말CHILD 아이가 할 만한 대답DO 손으로 할 일

Straight or curved?

DOPut a straw and a piece of string side by side.

CHILDThe straw is straight. The string is curved!

YOU“Join the ends of the curved string.”

CHILDIt's a circle! Curved all the way round.

YOU“A circle's outline has no straight parts.”

Sides and vertices

YOU“Join three straws with play dough.”

CHILDThree straight straws. I made a triangle!

YOU“Each straw is a side.”

CHILDA triangle has three sides! The play dough is at the corners.

YOU“In maths, a corner is a vertex. One vertex. Three vertices.”

CHILDThree sides, three vertices. A triangle!

Let Lia make the shape before you give the name. Experience first, name after. Say “corner is a vertex” once, as a bridge. After that, say vertex.

Square and rectangle: turn it around

DOGive Lia four straws, all the same length.

CHILDFour sides, all the same. It's a square! Four vertices. Four square corners.

DONow give her two long straws and two short straws.

CHILDTwo long sides, two short sides. A rectangle!

YOU“A square is a special rectangle.”

DOPut the square on a tray. Turn the tray, so a vertex points up.

YOU“Now it's a diamond. Not a square!”

CHILDWait! Four sides, all the same length. Four square corners. It's still a square!

YOU“Oh! I only turned it. Still a square.”

CHILDTurn it around. Same shape, same name!

Make this mistake on purpose, once. Lia proves it with the sides and the square corners. Turn the tray back only after that, as a check. Say “A square is a special rectangle” once, and never “It’s not a rectangle, it’s a square.”

Pentagon and hexagon

DOMake a house shape: three straws for the house, two for the roof.

YOU“How many sides?”

CHILDThree for the house, two for the roof. Five sides!

YOU“Five sides make a pentagon.”

DOMake a second pentagon with five straws, all the same length.

CHILDDifferent, but still a pentagon!

DOLet Lia make a shape with six straws. Then squash it long and thin.

YOU“Six sides make a hexagon.”

CHILDThree on top, three on the bottom. Six sides! Long, but still a hexagon!

Point to the sides in groups (three and two, three and three), not one by one.

Name it and say why

DOPut a long rectangle down at a slant.

YOU“What shape is this?”

CHILDThe question is: what shape is this?

CHILDFirst I look at the sides and the square corners.

CHILDSo it is a rectangle.

CHILDI know because it has four sides and four square corners.

The reason is always about the sides and the vertices. “It is only tilted” is true, but it is not the reason.

Other ways to say it다른 표현

“What shape is this?”
“Name the shape.”
“How many sides does it have?”
“How many vertices? How many corners?”
“Which one is a hexagon?”
“Turn it around. Same shape, same name!”
“Count them, then name it!”

Worksheet English표현

“Name the 2-D shapes.”
“How many sides and vertices does each shape have?”
“Circle the shapes with 4 sides.”
“Tick the triangles.”
“Is this a pentagon? How do you know?”

Good questions to ask좋은 질문

“Straight or curved?”
Good answers
“The straw is straight. The string is curved.”
“How many sides? How many vertices?”
Note
For a shape with straight sides, the two numbers are the same: 5 sides, 5 vertices.
“I turned it. Is it still a square? How do you know?”
Good answers
“Yes. Four sides, all the same length. Four square corners.”
“Is a square a rectangle?”
Note
Yes. A square is a special rectangle: 4 sides and 4 square corners, and all the sides are the same length.
“Can a pentagon look different?”
Good answers
“Yes! Any shape with five straight sides is a pentagon.”

If Lia is stuck막힐 때

When
She says a turned square is “a diamond, not a square”.
“Diamond” is a fine everyday word. The mistake is “not a square”. Look at the sides and square corners together: four the same, four square corners. “Turn it around. Same shape, same name!”
When
She says a long, thin hexagon or a house-shaped pentagon has the wrong name.
Look at the sides in groups: three on top, three on the bottom. Six straight sides make a hexagon, long or short.
When
She says “It’s not a rectangle, it’s a square.”
“A square is a special rectangle.” Both have 4 sides and 4 square corners.
When
She calls a shape with one curved side a triangle (like a slice of pizza).
Run a finger along the curved side. “A triangle has three straight sides. This one is curved.”
When
She counts the same vertex twice.
Put a small dot on the vertex where she starts. Stop when she comes back to the dot.
When
She says “corners” or “points”.
Good thinking! Then give the maths name once: “In maths, a corner is a vertex.”

Games (2)놀이

Game · Straw shapes

You need: straws (some cut shorter), play dough

Take turns. One person calls a number from 3 to 6: “Five!”
The other makes a shape with that many straws. Any lengths, any shape.
Name it together: “Five sides, five vertices. A pentagon!”
Make one mistake on purpose: turn a square and say it is “not a square”. Can she catch it?

Game · Shape spotting

You need: nothing — look around the house

Look for flat shapes: stickers, pictures in books, flags on a card.
Name each one and say why: “A hexagon. I know because it has six straight sides.”
Find one that is upside down or stretched. Is it still the same shape?

Next in class

After these steps, the class draws 2-D shapes, finds lines of symmetry and sorts shapes. The school teaches these. Knowing side and vertex makes those lessons easier.

In the workbook

Shape words, and how many sides and vertices each shape has.

Teaching Guide · 2-D and 3-D Shape Names · liabooks.com/study

Part 2 · Step 8 · Workbook page 3

3-D shapes: faces, edges and vertices입체도형의 이름: 면, 모서리, 꼭짓점

Flat face or curved surface? Give the 3-D name first. Then the faces.

한국어 요약

상자·통·공·주사위를 굴려 보고 만져 본 뒤 face(평평한 면), curved surface(굽은 면), cuboid·cube·sphere·cylinder·cone·pyramid라는 이름을 붙이는 순서를 영어로 가르쳐요. 보이지 않는 면까지 세기, 주사위를 square라고 부르는 실수 바로잡기, 빨대 각뿔로 edge와 vertex 세기를 대본과 놀이로 담았어요.

The big idea핵심

A 3-D shape is solid. You can hold it. A face is a flat surface of a 3-D shape. A sphere, a cylinder and a cone also have a curved surface. In this guide, a curved surface is not a face.

Flat faces have 2-D names. Each face of a cuboid is a rectangle. Each face of a cube is a square. A cylinder has two flat faces and a curved surface. Its flat faces are circles.

Give the 3-D name first, then the faces. A dice is not a square — a square is flat. “It’s a cube. Its faces are squares.” A cube is a special cuboid.

In 3-D shapes, an edge is where two faces meet. A vertex is where edges meet. Flat shapes have sides; solid shapes have edges.

Last, the big picture: A curved surface helps it roll. Flat faces help it stand.

Get ready준비물

From the kitchen: a box (cereal or tea), a tin, a ball, a dice
Small stickers
Paint or an ink pad, and paper
Straws and play dough (from Part 1)
Toy blocks, if you have them: a cone, a sphere, a cylinder

Teach it, step by step단계별 수업

YOU 부모가 할 말CHILD 아이가 할 만한 대답DO 손으로 할 일

Roll or slide?

DOPut a box, a tin and a ball on the table. Give them a push.

CHILDThe ball and the tin roll. The box slides!

YOU“Feel the box. Flat or curved?”

CHILDIt's flat all over!

Flat faces: a cuboid

YOU“Each flat part is called a face.”

CHILDEach face is a rectangle!

YOU“This box shape is a cuboid.”

DOPut a sticker on each face Lia can see, all at once.

CHILDI can see three faces.

YOU“How many flat faces in all?”

DOTurn the box over. The three faces without stickers come to the front.

CHILDThree I could see, three hiding. Six flat faces!

Many children count only the faces they can see. Wait before you turn the box. Let Lia think about the hidden faces first.

Is it a square?

DOHold up a dice.

YOU“This one is easy. A square!”

CHILDWait! A square is flat. It's not flat. It's like a little box!

CHILDIt's a cube. Each flat face is a square.

YOU“Oops! It's a cube. Its faces are squares.”

YOU“A cube is a special cuboid.”

Make this mistake on purpose, once. Put a paper square next to the dice, so Lia can see the difference: one is flat, one is solid.

Curved surfaces: sphere, cylinder, cone

YOU“Now the ball. Any flat faces?”

CHILDNo! It's all curved.

YOU“That's a curved surface. It's a sphere.”

CHILDThe tin has two flat faces. They are circles!

YOU“And a curved surface around it. It's a cylinder.”

DOShow a cone block, or draw an ice cream cone.

CHILDOne flat circle. A curved surface. A point at the top!

YOU“This one is a cone.”

CHILDA cone has one vertex at the top.

DOPrint both ends of the tin (or a glue stick) with paint.

CHILDTwo circle prints. Two flat faces, one curved surface. A cylinder!

Do not ask how many faces a cylinder, cone or sphere has, or how many edges. Books give different answers. Say “two flat faces and a curved surface”.

Straw pyramid: edges and vertices

DOMake a square of four straws. Then join four more straws at the top with one ball of play dough.

CHILDIt's a pyramid!

YOU“In 3-D shapes, each straw is an edge.”

CHILDFour at the bottom, four going up. Eight edges!

YOU“And the play dough?”

CHILDVertices! Four edges meet at the top vertex.

DONow make one with three straws at the bottom and three going up.

YOU“What shape is this?”

CHILDThe question is: what shape is this?

CHILDFirst I look at the faces, edges and top vertex.

CHILDSo it's a pyramid!

CHILDI know because three triangle faces meet at the top vertex.

A pyramid can have a square at the bottom (a square-based pyramid) or a triangle at the bottom (a triangle-based pyramid). Both are pyramids.

Other ways to say it다른 표현

“What shape is this?”
“Name the 3-D shape.”
“How many faces does it have?”
“How many edges? How many vertices?”
“Which faces are flat?”
“Can it roll? Can it stack?”
“A curved surface helps it roll. Flat faces help it stand.”

Worksheet English표현

“Name the 3-D shapes.”
“How many faces, edges and vertices?”
“Which 2-D shape can you see on this 3-D shape?”
“Match each 3-D shape to its name.”
“Tick the shapes that roll.”

Good questions to ask좋은 질문

“Can it roll? Can it stand?”
Good answers
“It rolls. It has a curved surface.” / “It stands. It has flat faces.”
“How many flat faces in all? How do you know?”
Good answers
“Six. Three I could see, three hiding.”
“What 2-D shape is on this face?”
Note
A cuboid: rectangles. A cube: squares. A cylinder: circles. A pyramid: triangles, with a square or a triangle at the bottom.
“Is a dice a square?”
Good answers
“No. A square is flat. A dice is a cube. Each flat face is a square.”

If Lia is stuck막힐 때

When
She calls a dice “a square” or a ball “a circle”.
Put a paper square next to the dice. “A square is flat.” Give the 3-D name, then the face: “It’s a cube. Each flat face is a square.”
When
She counts only the faces she can see.
Put a sticker on each face she can see. Turn the shape over. “Three I could see, three hiding.”
When
She counts the curved surface of a tin as a face.
In this guide, a face is flat. Say it together: “Two flat faces and a curved surface.”
When
She says “sides” for a 3-D shape.
“In 3-D shapes, each straw is an edge.” Sides are for flat shapes.
When
A small wooden cylinder looks different from the tin, so she gives it another name.
Size and colour do not change the name. Look at the faces: two flat circles and a curved surface.

Different books

In this guide, only flat surfaces are faces. Some books count the curved surface as a face too, and books also give different numbers of edges for a cylinder. If your school's worksheet counts the curved surface as a face, follow the school.

Game놀이

Game · Stack or roll?

You need: kitchen things: boxes, tins, a ball, a dice

Put the things in a row. Guess first: will it stack, or will it roll? Then try.
Name the 3-D shape and say why: “A cylinder. Two flat faces and a curved surface.”
Hunt for one cuboid, one cylinder and one sphere in the house.
Make one mistake on purpose: call the dice “a square”. Can she catch it?

Next in class

After these steps, the class sorts 3-D shapes and makes patterns with 2-D and 3-D shapes. The school teaches these.

In the workbook

Faces, edges and vertices of a cube, a cuboid and a pyramid. Flat face or curved surface?

Teaching Guide · 2-D and 3-D Shape Names · liabooks.com/study

For you C

Everyday English for maths time수학 시간 생활 영어

Useful sentences for giving instructions, praising and helping.

Starting and giving instructions

Say	It means
Let's do some maths.	Start of the session
Get your pencil, please.
Read the question.
Have a go.	Try it (it's OK to make a mistake)
Show me.	Show with objects or fingers
Count with me.
Write the number sentence.	Write 5 + 3 = 8
Fill in the missing number.	Complete the gap
Explain your thinking.	Say how you did it
Check your answer.
Circle the right one.
Picture it. What happens?	Picture the story, then say what happens
Take your time.	There is no hurry
Say it in a full sentence.
Point to …
Let's do one together.

Let's do some maths.It meansStart of the session
Get your pencil, please.It means
Read the question.It means
Have a go.It meansTry it (it's OK to make a mistake)
Show me.It meansShow with objects or fingers
Count with me.It means
Write the number sentence.It meansWrite 5 + 3 = 8
Fill in the missing number.It meansComplete the gap
Explain your thinking.It meansSay how you did it
Check your answer.It means
Circle the right one.It means
Picture it. What happens?It meansPicture the story, then say what happens
Take your time.It meansThere is no hurry
Say it in a full sentence.It means
Point to …It means
Let's do one together.It means

Praise that helps

Praise the effort and the thinking, not only the right answer. This helps children try hard things.

Praise

“Great thinking!”
“I like how you explained that.”
“You didn't give up. Well done!”
“That's a clever way!”
“You checked your answer. Good job!”
“You used a new maths word!”
“You found the mistake yourself!”
“Brilliant! Can you do another one?”
“You're getting faster!”
“I can see you worked hard.”

When the answer is wrong

Kind words for mistakes

“Nearly! Let's check together.”
“Hmm, let's look again.”
“Can you show me with the counters?”
“What do you notice?”
“Read the question one more time.”
“Mistakes help us learn.”
“That's a good try. What could we change?”
“Are you sure? How can we check?”

Ending the session

Talk about learning

“What did you learn today?”
“What was easy?”
“What was tricky?”
“Which new word did you learn?”
“Can you teach me one thing?”
“What do you want to practise tomorrow?”

How Lia can explain (sentence stems)

Sentence stem	Example
___ and ___ make ___.	7 and 3 make 10.
I have ___. I need ___ more to make 10.	I have 6. I need 4 more to make 10.
The whole is ___. The parts are ___ and ___.	The whole is 13. The parts are 9 and 4.
I know ___, so I know ___.	I know 3 + 4 = 7, so I know 30 + 40 = 70.
___ ones + ___ ones = ___ ones, so ___ tens + ___ tens = ___ tens.	2 ones + 5 ones = 7 ones, so 2 tens + 5 tens = 7 tens.
First I ___. Then I ___.	First I made 10. Then I added 3.
I think ___ is right / wrong because ___.	I think Omar is wrong because 20 + 50 is 70.
The answer is ___ because ___.	The answer is 9 because 9 + 7 = 16.

___ and ___ make ___.Example7 and 3 make 10.
I have ___. I need ___ more to make 10.ExampleI have 6. I need 4 more to make 10.
The whole is ___. The parts are ___ and ___.ExampleThe whole is 13. The parts are 9 and 4.
I know ___, so I know ___.ExampleI know 3 + 4 = 7, so I know 30 + 40 = 70.
___ ones + ___ ones = ___ ones, so ___ tens + ___ tens = ___ tens.Example2 ones + 5 ones = 7 ones, so 2 tens + 5 tens = 7 tens.
First I ___. Then I ___.ExampleFirst I made 10. Then I added 3.
I think ___ is right / wrong because ___.ExampleI think Omar is wrong because 20 + 50 is 70.
The answer is ___ because ___.ExampleThe answer is 9 because 9 + 7 = 16.

Counting time

Short sentences you can use every day.

Say	It means
Let's count together.
Your turn.
Keep going.	Continue
Start at …
Stop at …
Count up / count down.	Forwards / backwards
Louder, please!
Say it after me.	Repeat
What comes next?
What comes before …?
Write the number I say.	Dictation
How do you spell …?
Cover it and write it.	Spelling practice
Check with the 100 square.
Beat your score!	Try to get more right
That's a new record!	Best score

Let's count together.It means
Your turn.It means
Keep going.It meansContinue
Start at …It means
Stop at …It means
Count up / count down.It meansForwards / backwards
Louder, please!It means
Say it after me.It meansRepeat
What comes next?It means
What comes before …?It means
Write the number I say.It meansDictation
How do you spell …?It means
Cover it and write it.It meansSpelling practice
Check with the 100 square.It means
Beat your score!It meansTry to get more right
That's a new record!It meansBest score

Praise for counting

“Great counting!”
“You didn't stop once!”
“You got past 100!”
“Beautiful spelling!”
“You beat your score!”
“Your English is getting better every day!”
“You worked it out yourself!”

Teaching Guide · 2-D and 3-D Shape Names · liabooks.com/study

Maths words

Words in this set이 세트의 단어

2-D shape / 3-D shape — a flat shape, like a shape on paper / a solid shape you can hold
straight — not bent at all, like a straw
curved — bending, like a piece of string
circle — a 2-D shape that is curved all the way round. Its outline has no straight parts.
side — one of the straight lines that make a 2-D shape
vertex / vertices — a point where two sides meet (2-D), or where edges meet (3-D). In maths, a corner is a vertex.
triangle — a 2-D shape with 3 straight sides and 3 vertices
square — a 2-D shape with 4 sides all the same length and 4 square corners
rectangle — a 2-D shape with 4 straight sides and 4 square corners. A square is a special rectangle.
quadrilateral — any 2-D shape with 4 straight sides
pentagon — a 2-D shape with 5 straight sides and 5 vertices. The sides do not have to be the same length.
hexagon — a 2-D shape with 6 straight sides and 6 vertices. It can be long and thin.
octagon — a 2-D shape with 8 straight sides and 8 vertices
face (flat face) — a flat surface of a 3-D shape. In this book, only flat surfaces are faces.
curved surface — the curved outside of a sphere, a cylinder or a cone. It is not a flat face.
edge — a line where two faces of a 3-D shape meet. 2-D shapes have sides; 3-D shapes have edges.
cuboid — a 3-D shape like a box. Each face is a rectangle (some can be squares).
cube — a 3-D shape like a dice. Each face is a square. A cube is a special cuboid.
sphere — a 3-D shape like a ball. It has one curved surface and no flat faces.
cylinder — a 3-D shape like a tin. It has two flat faces and a curved surface. The flat faces are circles.
cone — a 3-D shape with a flat circle at the bottom, a curved surface and one vertex at the top
pyramid — a 3-D shape whose triangle faces meet at one vertex at the top. The bottom can be a square or a triangle.

Teaching Guide · 2-D and 3-D Shape Names · liabooks.com/study

On one page

Put this on the fridge.

Part	Topic	The big idea in one line	Key words	Workbook
Part 1	2-D shapes: sides and vertices	Count the sides, then name it. Turn it around. Same shape, same name!	side, vertex, pentagon, hexagon	2-D shapes: sides and vertices
Part 2	3-D shapes: faces, edges and vertices	Give the 3-D name first. A curved surface helps it roll. Flat faces help it stand.	face, curved surface, edge, cuboid, cube, sphere, cylinder, cone, pyramid	3-D shapes: faces, edges and vertices

Part 1Topic2-D shapes: sides and verticesThe big idea in one lineCount the sides, then name it. Turn it around. Same shape, same name!Key wordsside, vertex, pentagon, hexagonWorkbook2-D shapes: sides and vertices
Part 2Topic3-D shapes: faces, edges and verticesThe big idea in one lineGive the 3-D name first. A curved surface helps it roll. Flat faces help it stand.Key wordsface, curved surface, edge, cuboid, cube, sphere, cylinder, cone, pyramidWorkbook3-D shapes: faces, edges and vertices

Every day, ask these three questions

Question 1
“Straight or curved? Flat or curved?”
Question 2
“How many sides? How many vertices?”
Question 3
“What shape is this? How do you know?”

Next in class

The rest of the Shape unit is taught in class: drawing 2-D shapes, lines of symmetry, sorting 2-D and 3-D shapes, and making patterns. The words side, vertex, face and edge are used in every one of those lessons.

Teaching Guide · 2-D and 3-D Shape Names · liabooks.com/study