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Maths words: + words and − words덧셈·뺄셈을 뜻하는 영어 말

This is the most important chapter for Lia. She knows the maths. She needs the words.

워크북 2–4쪽 →
한국어 요약

덧셈(+)과 뺄셈(−)을 뜻하는 영어 낱말을 정리했어요. total, left, difference처럼 헷갈리기 쉬운 말을 아이에게 어떻게 설명할지, 문장제에서 부호를 스스로 고르게 돕는 질문과 놀이를 담았어요.

이 주제 차례 (9)

The big idea핵심

In English, many different words mean + and many different words mean −. A story problem does not show the sign. The child must find the maths word and choose the sign herself.

Words that mean add ( + )

WordWhat it meansExample sentence
addput numbers togetherAdd 3 to 5. / 5 add 3 is 8.
plusthe name of the + sign5 plus 3 equals 8.
and … maketwo parts make a whole5 and 3 make 8.
totalthe number of all of them togetherThe total is 8. What is the total?
altogetherall together (one word!)How many sweets are there altogether?
sumthe answer when we addThe sum of 5 and 3 is 8.
more thana bigger number by this much3 more than 5 is 8.
increasemake biggerIncrease 5 by 3. (You will see this later.)
now (after more come)the new number after adding3 more birds come. How many birds are there now?
  • addWhat it meansput numbers togetherExample sentenceAdd 3 to 5. / 5 add 3 is 8.
  • plusWhat it meansthe name of the + signExample sentence5 plus 3 equals 8.
  • and … makeWhat it meanstwo parts make a wholeExample sentence5 and 3 make 8.
  • totalWhat it meansthe number of all of them togetherExample sentenceThe total is 8. What is the total?
  • altogetherWhat it meansall together (one word!)Example sentenceHow many sweets are there altogether?
  • sumWhat it meansthe answer when we addExample sentenceThe sum of 5 and 3 is 8.
  • more thanWhat it meansa bigger number by this muchExample sentence3 more than 5 is 8.
  • increaseWhat it meansmake biggerExample sentenceIncrease 5 by 3. (You will see this later.)
  • now (after more come)What it meansthe new number after addingExample sentence3 more birds come. How many birds are there now?

Words that mean subtract ( − )

WordWhat it meansExample sentence
subtracttake one number from anotherSubtract 3 from 8. (Start with 8!)
minusthe name of the − sign8 minus 3 equals 5.
take awayremove some8 take away 3 is 5.
leftwhat stays after some goHow many are left?
fewer than / less thana smaller number by this much3 fewer than 8 is 5. 3 less than 8 is 5.
differencehow far apart two numbers areThe difference between 8 and 5 is 3.
decreasemake smallerDecrease 8 by 3. (Later.)
action wordsthings go awayfly away, eat, give away, pop, lose, spend, get off (a bus)
  • subtractWhat it meanstake one number from anotherExample sentenceSubtract 3 from 8. (Start with 8!)
  • minusWhat it meansthe name of the − signExample sentence8 minus 3 equals 5.
  • take awayWhat it meansremove someExample sentence8 take away 3 is 5.
  • leftWhat it meanswhat stays after some goExample sentenceHow many are left?
  • fewer than / less thanWhat it meansa smaller number by this muchExample sentence3 fewer than 8 is 5. 3 less than 8 is 5.
  • differenceWhat it meanshow far apart two numbers areExample sentenceThe difference between 8 and 5 is 3.
  • decreaseWhat it meansmake smallerExample sentenceDecrease 8 by 3. (Later.)
  • action wordsWhat it meansthings go awayExample sentencefly away, eat, give away, pop, lose, spend, get off (a bus)

Tricky words — read this carefully

Tricky wordWhy it is trickyHow to explain it
more“3 more than 5” means add. But “How many more does Sam have?” means find the difference (subtract).Ask: “Are we making it bigger? Or are we comparing two numbers?”
gives“Lia gives 7 to Sam” — Lia has fewer (−). “Sam gives Lia 5” — Lia has more (+).Ask: “Who gets the things? Does Lia get more, or does she have fewer?”
subtract … from“Subtract 3 from 8” is 8 − 3, not 3 − 8. The order in the sentence is back to front.Say: “From means start here. Start with 8.”
differenceIn everyday English, difference means “not the same”. In maths, it is a number.Build two towers. “How many more bricks is the tall tower? That number is the difference.”
sumIn everyday British English, “doing sums” means any maths. In a maths question, “the sum” means the answer to an adding.“The sum is the answer when we add.”
fewer / lessTeachers say fewer for things you can count (fewer apples) and less for things you cannot count (less water). Lia will hear both.Both mean the number is smaller.
leftLeft is also a direction (left and right).“Left here means: still here, not gone.”
  • moreWhy it is tricky“3 more than 5” means add. But “How many more does Sam have?” means find the difference (subtract).How to explain itAsk: “Are we making it bigger? Or are we comparing two numbers?”
  • givesWhy it is tricky“Lia gives 7 to Sam” — Lia has fewer (−). “Sam gives Lia 5” — Lia has more (+).How to explain itAsk: “Who gets the things? Does Lia get more, or does she have fewer?”
  • subtract … fromWhy it is tricky“Subtract 3 from 8” is 8 − 3, not 3 − 8. The order in the sentence is back to front.How to explain itSay: “From means start here. Start with 8.”
  • differenceWhy it is trickyIn everyday English, difference means “not the same”. In maths, it is a number.How to explain itBuild two towers. “How many more bricks is the tall tower? That number is the difference.”
  • sumWhy it is trickyIn everyday British English, “doing sums” means any maths. In a maths question, “the sum” means the answer to an adding.How to explain it“The sum is the answer when we add.”
  • fewer / lessWhy it is trickyTeachers say fewer for things you can count (fewer apples) and less for things you cannot count (less water). Lia will hear both.How to explain itBoth mean the number is smaller.
  • leftWhy it is trickyLeft is also a direction (left and right).How to explain it“Left here means: still here, not gone.”

Teach it, step by step단계별 수업

YOU 부모가 할 말LIA 아이가 할 만한 대답DO 손으로 할 일

Read the word pages together (workbook: My Maths Words and More Maths Words)

YOU“Let's read these words. I read one, you read one.”
YOU“Which colour are the add words? Which colour are the take-away words?”
YOU“Can you find a word that means add? Can you find another one?”

Same maths, different words

YOU“Look: 5 + 3 = 8. How many ways can we say it?”
LIA5 add 3 is 8. 5 plus 3 equals 8…
YOU“Great! Can you say it with the word total? With the word more?”
YOU“Now let's do 8 − 3 = 5. Can you say it with take away? With left?”

Word detective (workbook: Word Detective)

YOU“I will say a sentence. Show me a thumbs up for add, or a thumbs down for take away.”
YOU“How many are left?”
LIAThumbs down!
YOU“Yes! Which word helped you?”
LIALeft.
광고

Ways to ask “add or subtract?”표현

  • “Is it add or take away?”
  • “Is it plus or minus?”
  • “Will the number get bigger or smaller?”
  • “Which word tells you?”
  • “What is the maths word here?”
  • “Do we put them together or take some away?”

Good questions to ask좋은 질문

  • “Which word helped you?”

    Note

    This is the key question of this whole set.

  • “Can you say it another way?”

    Note

    Makes Lia use new words.

  • “Will the answer be bigger or smaller than the first number?”

    Note

    Helps her check the sign.

  • “Can you make a sentence with the word ‘altogether’?”

    Note

    Using a word is harder than reading it.

If Lia is stuck막힐 때

  • When

    Lia chooses + because she sees a number getting bigger somewhere in the story.

    Ask her to act it out with toys. “Show me. Do the toys come or go?”

  • When

    She knows the maths but not the word (for example ‘difference’).

    Show the meaning with objects, say the word, and ask her to say it back. Add it to a word list on the fridge.

  • When

    She mixes up ‘left’ (direction) and ‘left’ (still here).

    Say both with actions: point left, then hide some toys and say “These are left.”

Games (2)놀이

Game · Thumbs up, thumbs down

You need: nothing

  1. You say a maths sentence, for example “4 birds fly away.”
  2. Lia shows thumbs up for + and thumbs down for −.
  3. She must say the word that helped her.
  4. Swap: Lia makes a sentence, you show the thumb.
Game · Word hunt

You need: a book, a menu or a shop sign

  1. Look for maths words in real life: more, less, total, left, altogether.
  2. When Lia finds one, she reads the sentence and tells you if it means + or −.
  3. Supermarket receipts are great: they always have a “TOTAL”.
In the workbook

Word pages and the Word Detective page.

워크북 2–4쪽 보기이 주제 인쇄

자주 묻는 질문

difference는 무슨 뜻인가요?

두 수가 얼마나 차이 나는지예요. 큰 수에서 작은 수를 빼서 구해요.

left가 나오면 뺄셈인가요?

대개 “남은 것”이라 뺄셈이에요. 다만 문장 전체를 읽고 그림으로 확인하는 습관이 더 중요해요.

광고